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EEG microstates
EEG microstates are transient, patterned, and quasi-stable states or patterns of an electroencephalography (EEG for short). These brief states, or microstates, tend to last anywhere from milliseconds to seconds. These transient periods are hypothesized to be the most basic initializations of human neurological tasks, and are thus nicknamed "the atoms of thought". Microstate data is obtained from a person's Alpha wave of their EEG signal.〔 This idea of these microstates being "quasi-stable" means that the "global () topography is fixed, but strength might vary and polarity invert."
== History ==
The concept of temporal microstates of brain electrical activity during no-task resting and task execution (event-related microstates) was developed by Dietrich Lehmann and his collaborators (The KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, University of Zurich, Switzerland) between 1971 and 1987, and see Drs. Thomas Koenig (University Hospital of Psychiatry, Switzerland) and Dietrich Lehmann (KEY Institute for Brain-Mind Research, Switzerland)〔 are often credited as the pioneers of EEG Microstate analysis.〔Isenhart, Robert. "The State of EEG Microstates." Online interview. 26 Sept. 2011.〕 In their 1999 paper in the ''European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience'',〔 Koenig and Lehmann had been analyzing the EEGs of schizophrenic patients, in order to investigate the potential basic cognitive roots of the disorder. They began to turn their attention to the EEGs on a millisecond scale. They determined that both normal subjects and schizophrenic patients shared these microstates, but they varied in characteristics between the two groups, and concluded that:
:''"Momentary brain electric field configurations are manifestations of momentary global functional state of the brain. Field configurations tend to persist over some time in the sub-second range ("microstates") and concentrate within few classes of configurations. Accordingly, brain field data can be reduced efficiently into sequences of re-occurring classes of brain microstates, not overlapping in time. Different configurations must have been caused by different active neural ensembles, and thus different microstates assumedly implement different functions."''〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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